A study conducted on former professional soccer players in Scotland reveals a lower likelihood of dying from common causes such as heart disease and cancer compared to the general population. However, the study also highlights a higher risk of mortality from dementia, raising concerns about potential head-related risks associated with the sport, particularly at the professional level for men.
Researchers from the University of Glasgow published their findings in the New England Journal of Medicine on Monday. The study analyzed the causes of death among 7,676 Scottish men who had played soccer professionally, comparing them with 23,000 men from the general population born between 1900 and 1976. Over a median study period of 18 years, 1,180 players and 3,807 individuals from the comparison group passed away.
Until the age of 70, the players exhibited a lower risk of death from any cause. However, they had a 3.5 times higher rate of death from neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s or Parkinson’s. Despite the higher relative risk, the absolute risk remained relatively small at 1.7% among former players compared to 0.5% in the comparison group. Additionally, former players were more likely to be prescribed dementia medications than their counterparts.
Dr. Robert Stern, a Boston University scientist specializing in sports-related brain trauma, emphasized in a commentary that the results should not instill undue fear and panic. He pointed out that the findings in professional players might not be directly applicable to recreational, college, or amateur-level play, and they might not extend to women.
Stern advised parents of youth or high-school soccer players not to fear cognitive decline and dementia later in life, emphasizing the significant health benefits of exercise and sports participation. He suggested focusing on the enjoyment of the sport while remaining aware of the potential risks associated with activities such as heading the ball.
English Football Association chairman Greg Clark acknowledged the need for further understanding and emphasized the importance of the global football community uniting to address the complexities of this issue.
